In Spanish, Santa Claus is known as Papá Noel, one of the most iconic figures of Christmas worldwide. His image is closely linked to the night of December 24, when he travels across the sky in a flying sleigh delivering gifts to children on every corner of the planet.

This magical journey would not be possible without the help of his inseparable reindeer, who are responsible for pulling the sleigh and guiding him through the night. Although many people know their names in English, they don't always know what Santa Claus's reindeer are called in Spanish or the meaning attributed to them.

Learning these names not only expands your Christmas vocabulary, but also helps you better understand Christmas songs, stories, and movies in Spanish, providing a very interesting cultural value for language learners.

The origin of Christmas reindeer

The popularity of Santa's reindeer has its origins in the 19th-century poem “A Visit from St. Nicholas,” better known as “The Night Before Christmas.” This text initially mentioned eight reindeer accompanying Santa Claus on his journey.

Decades later, in the 20th century, a ninth reindeer was added, which would become the most famous of all: Rudolf, known in Spanish as Rodolfo, the reindeer with the red nose. Over time, the original names were adapted to Spanish, with slight variations depending on the country or translation.

Names of Santa Claus' reindeer

Traditionally, Santa Claus' sleigh is pulled by nine reindeer, each with a name that evokes qualities such as speed, strength, or joy:

• Rodolfo (Rudolf): He is the best-known reindeer. His bright red nose allows him to light the way when the night is dark or foggy. He represents the acceptance of differences and the value of self-esteem.
• Centella: his name refers to something fast and bright. He is a symbol of speed and energy.
• Bailarín: he stands out for his elegance and coordination. He brings rhythm and dynamism to the group.
• Saltador: agile and light, he can dodge obstacles with ease during flight.
• Traviesa: associated with a restless and playful personality, full of curiosity.
• Cometa: evokes the celestial bodies that cross the night sky, in clear connection with the journey of the sleigh.
• Cupido: inspired by the mythological figure of love, it symbolizes affection, union, and the Christmas spirit.
• Trueno: represents strength and power. He is one of the most robust reindeer on the team.
• Rayo: he is associated with extreme speed; he complements Thunder to form a powerful duo.

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What are Santa Claus's reindeer called? What are Santa Claus's reindeer called in Spanish? Do you know the names of Santa Claus's nine reindeer in Spanish? Find out here.
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Los Enharinados (Alicante)

Los Enharinados is a festive battle in which participants throw flour, eggs, and firecrackers at each other. This festival symbolizes a satirical coup d'état in which the Enharinados take power for a day.

It is celebrated in Ibi, Alicante, every December 28, Day of the Holy Innocents in Spain. Its origins date back to the 19th century, and it began as a satire on local injustices and tax collection.

The showering of flour and eggs throughout the town, the military costumes and parodies of the authorities, as well as the symbolic fines, which are then donated to charity, are the most characteristic features of this unusual festival in Spain.

Fiesta de la Filoxera (Catalonia)

On September 7 and 8, Sant Sadurní d'Anoia celebrates the Fiesta de la Filoxera.

It commemorates the arrival of the phylloxera, the pest that devastated European vineyards in the 19th century. Phylloxera destroyed almost all the vineyards in the Penedès region, and this celebration was created in 1982 to remember the tragedy and the recovery of the wine sector. The town's fight against insects is dramatized with costumes and giant figures.

Baixada dels Raiers (Lleida)

The Baixada dels Raiers is a reenactment of the ancient trade of the raiers: men who descended rivers on rafts made of tied-together logs, transporting wood from the Pyrenees to the lowlands.

It is celebrated at the end of July or beginning of August in Coll de Nargó (Lleida). This festival is based on a real trade that existed until the mid-20th century. Log rafts were an essential means of transport.

Nochevieja en agosto (Granada)

Yes, New Year's Eve in August, as you read it. This celebration is an alternative to New Year's Eve in which the village of Bérchules, Granada, celebrates “New Year's Eve” on the first Saturday in August. This is because in 1994 a power cut prevented the real New Year's Eve from being celebrated and they decided to move it to the summer.

It features bells ringing in August, grapes, toasts, party favors, and music, all in a summer atmosphere with a Christmas theme.

El Salto del Colacho (Burgos)

A man dressed as the devil (el Colacho) jumps over babies lying on mattresses. It is believed that this expels evil spirits and purifies the newborns.

El Salto del Colacho is celebrated in Castrillo de Murcia, in Burgos, during the Corpus Christi festival, so the date varies between May and June. It has been documented since the 17th century and is a ritual that combines religious tradition and popular symbolism about the protection of children.

If you want to discover more traditions, facts, and continue learning Spanish, sign up for an intensive Spanish course with us and discover the beauty and hidden culture of Spain firsthand.

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We've already told you about the most popular festivals in Spain, but did you know that there are also some lesser-known celebrations and festivities in the country?

Celebrating a saint by running in front of bulls, starting a battle using tomatoes as ammunition, or burning giant puppets or dolls in the streets of the city are some of the most popular festivals in Spain. Or perhaps you've heard of Los Sanfermines, Las Fallas, or La Tomatina?

In addition to these, there are other unusual festivals and traditions in Spain, many of them unique, which are celebrated in lesser-known or less touristy areas. Want to learn about them? Keep reading!

La Vijanera (Cantabria)

La Vijanera is a winter masquerade that symbolizes the expulsion of evil spirits, the farewell to the old year, and the arrival of the new. Symbolic characters such as the zarramacos (with cowbells), the preñá, the bear, the madama, etc. participate in it.

It is celebrated in Silió (Molledo, Cantabria) on the first Sunday in January (unless that day is January 1, in which case it is moved to the following Sunday).

The origin of La Vijanera has to do with pre-Roman roots and winter rituals related to fertility and the renewal of the cycle. The figure of Janus (Roman god of beginnings) is behind some of its symbolism. It was revived as a festival in the 1980s.

Santa Marta de Ribarteme (Pontevedra)

In As Neves, in Pontevedra, the festival of Santa Marta takes place on July 29. The festival of Santa Marta de Ribarteme is also known as the “pilgrimage of the almost dead.” Here, people who have overcome a serious illness or accident parade in coffins as an offering of thanks to Santa Marta for having been saved.

It has medieval origins and is based on devotion to Santa Marta, linked to resurrection and protection from death.

Characteristics of this tradition are the processions with people inside coffins carried by relatives, the chants, promises, and thanksgiving.

Concurs de Castells (Tarragona)

Let's move to Tarragona, where the Concurs de Castells, a biannual competition of human towers or castells, takes place. The colles castelleres compete to build the tallest and most complex structure.

Specifically, in the Tarraco Arena Plaça, Tarragona, the Concurs de Castells is held on the first weekend of October in even-numbered years.

The castellera tradition began more than two centuries ago in Catalonia. The competition as such was first held in 1932 and became established in 1970. In this unusual Spanish festival, human towers of up to 10 stories are built, requiring a high level of coordination and risk. In addition, the boy or girl who crowns the tower is called an enxaneta.

El Cascamorras (Granada)

A character named Cascamorras attempts to recover the image of the Virgin of Mercy. The inhabitants of the rival town welcome him by smearing him with paint to prevent him from fulfilling his mission. This is what happens in the tradition of El Cascamorras in Granada.

It is celebrated on September 6 in Baza and September 9 in Guadix. This celebration is based on a historical dispute in the 15th century between the two towns over ownership of the image of the Virgin.

This tradition is characterized by colorful paintings, races, music, and water. In addition, El Cascamorras has been declared a festival of International Tourist Interest.If you want to experience this festival firsthand, you can come to don Quijote's Spanish school Granada and attend the El Cascamorras celebration.

La Danza de la Muerte (Girona)

A medieval performance that shows the inevitability of death. During the La Danza de la Muerte (Dance of Death) festival, people dance in silence, with characters such as Death with a scythe, skeletons, and the flag of human finitude.

It takes place in Verges, Girona, on Holy Thursday night during Holy Week.

This tradition dates to the 14th century, at the height of epidemics and medieval spirituality. It is one of the oldest dances of death in Europe.

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Unique festivals in Spain

Unusual festivals in Spain. Did you know that there are unusual traditions in Spain that you may not be familiar with? Don Quijote tells you all about them.

Spain Traditions Spain Unusual festivals in Spain. Did you know that there are unusual traditions in Spain that you may not be familiar with? Don Quijote tells you all about them. unique festivals in spain, unique holidays in spain, weird spanish traditions, unique spanish festivals, weird spanish festivals Off Marta Díaz

Spanish compound words with hyphens

• Cultural-lingüístico (cultural + lingüístico). Cultural-linguistic: topics related to culture and language.
• Físico-químico (físico + químico). Physical-chemical: topics related to physics and chemistry.
• Histórico-artístico (histórico + artístico). Historical-artistic: related to history and art.
• Hispano-alemán / franco-español (hispano + alemán / franco + español). Hispanic-German / French-Spanish: mixed or related to two countries.
• Médico-quirúrgico (médico + quirúrgico). Medical-surgical: topics related to medicine and surgery.
• Político-social (político + social). Political-social: topics related to politics and society.
• Socio-económico (socio + económico). Socio-economic: social and economic in nature.
• Teórico-práctico (teórico + práctico). Theoretical-practical: combining theory and practice.

Separate compound words in Spanish

• Caja fuerte (caja + fuerte). Safebox: a place to store valuable items.
• Casa cuna (casa + cuna). An institution for babies or young children.
• Coche bomba (coche + bomba). Car bomb: a vehicle used as an explosive device.
• Lagarto ocelado (lagarto + ocelado). Ocellated lizard: reptile with circular spots.
• Manos libres (manos + libres). Hands-free: device that allows you to use the phone without using your hands.
• Mesa camilla (mesa + camilla). Table with brazier: traditional round table with a brazier.
• Ojo de buey (ojo + buey). Porthole: round window on ships.
• Ojo de gallo (ojo + gallo). Cock's eye: injury to the foot.
• Oso panda (oso + panda). Panda bear: black and white mammal native to China.
• Pata de gallo (pata + de + gallo). Crow's feet: wrinkles around the eyes.
• Pez ángel (pez + ángel). Angelfish: ornamental fish.
• Pez espada (pez + espada). Swordfish: type of fish with an elongated shape.
• Pez globo (pez + globo). Pufferfish: fish that inflates like a balloon.
• Perro guía (perro + guía). Guide dog: dog that helps blind people.
• Piel de gallina (piel + de + gallina). Goosebumps: sensation when the hair stands on end.
• Serpiente coral (serpiente + coral). Coral snake: brightly colored snake.
• Tiburón martillo (tiburón + martillo). Hammerhead shark: shark with a hammer-shaped head.
• Uña de gato (uña + gato). Cat's claw: medicinal climbing plant.

These are just some of the most common compound words in Spanish that you may hear in everyday life or during your intensive Spanish course. And if you want to learn more, we invite you to visit our website and come to one of the 11 cities where we offer Spanish classes so you can perfect the language in a short time and in your own way.

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List of Spanish compound words

Once you understand that there are different types of compound words in Spanish, it's time to learn the most common ones. Below is a complete list of very common compound words, the two words that form them, and their meaning.

Common Spanish compound words

• Abrecartas (abre + cartas). Letter opener: an object used to open envelopes or paper letters.
• Abrelatas (abre + latas). Can opener: a tool for opening cans of food.
• Agridulce (agrio + dulce). Bittersweet: a flavor that combines sweet and sour.
• Altamar (alta + mar). High seas: the open sea, far from the coast.
• Bienestar (bien + estar). Well-being: state of satisfaction or comfort.
• Boquiabierto (boca + abierto). Open mouth: when a person is very surprised.
• Bocacalle (boca + calle). Turning or entrance into a street: entrance or beginning of a street.
• Cumpleaños (cumple + años). Birthday: anniversary of birth.
• Girasol (gira + sol). Sunflower: plant that turns its flower toward the sun-
• Guardaespaldas (guarda + espaldas). Bodyguard: person who protects another.
• Lavavajillas / lavaplatos (lava + vajillas/platos). Dishwasher: machine that automatically washes dishes.
• Limpiaparabrisas (limpia + parabrisas). Windshield wiper: mechanism in cars that cleans the front glass when it rains.
• Maldecir (mal + decir). Curse: to insult or speak ill of someone.
• Medianoche (media + noche). Midnight: 12:00 a.m.
• Paraguas (para + aguas). Umbrella: an object used to protect oneself from the rain.
• Pararrayos (para + rayos). Lightning rod: a device that protects against lightning strikes.
• Pasamanos (pasa + manos). Handrail: a bar used for support when going up or down stairs.
• Pelirrojo (pelo + rojo). Redhead: a person with red hair.
• Quitamanchas (quita + manchas). Stain remover: a product that removes stains from clothing or other surfaces.
• Rascacielos (rasca + cielos). Skyscraper: a very tall building in cities.
• Rompecabezas (rompe + cabezas). Puzzle: a difficult puzzle or riddle.
• Sacapuntas (saca + puntas). Pencil sharpener: tool for sharpening pencils.
• Salvavidas (salva + vidas). Life jacket or life vest: float or object to prevent drowning.
• Sobremesa (sobre + mesa). After-dinner conversation: time spent at the table after eating.
• Tirachinas (tirar + chinas). Slingshot: instrument for throwing small stones.

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